Bfcfcis 




BALES' 

Business Letters in Shorthand. 



CONTAINING 

MERCANTILE, RAILROAD, LEGAL AND MISCEL- 
LANEOUS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 

wn h 

£xp!ai)2tory Jlot^s 

DESIGNED ESPECIALLY FOR STUDENTS OF BENN PITMAN'S AND 
GRAHAMS PHONOGRAPHY, 



BY 

L. E. B. BARSES,^ 

AUTHOR OF BARNES' SHORTHAND MANUAL, OR 
SHORTHAND MADE EASY. 



ARTHUR J. BARNES, Publisher, 
ST. LOUIS, MO. 



^liiiiiiiii i i i iiiP'iiiiii ihi i; i i * i i i i r i ii i! i t i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i it i i i i i i i i i i i i i i it i i j i i 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



@^qt. ©up^rig^i If xu 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



BALES' 

Business Letters in Shorthand, 



CONTAINING 

MERCANTILE, RAILROAD, LEGAL AND MISCEL- 
LANEOUS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 

WITH 



Explanatory flot^s 



DESIGNED ESPECIALLY FOR STUDENTS OF BENN PITMAN'S AND 
GRAHAM'S PHONOGRAPHY, 



L 



BY 

^L. E. B. BAEIES,^- 

is 

AUTHOR OF BARNES' SHORTHAND MANUAL, OR 

SHORTHAND MADE EASY. 




AKTHUR J. BARNES, Publisher, 
ST. LOUIS, MO. 




Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1888 by 

L. E. B. BARNES, 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



TO THE TEACHER. 



The reader of the following pages will notice some slight de- 
viations from Benn Pitman's phonography. No change has been 
made to suit individual caprice, but such improvements have been 
introduced as have been adopted by thousands of expert stenog- 
raphers. 

Instead of using P-D for paid, Way-D for weighed, D-T for 
debt we represent these words by half lengths, as most reporters 
do; that is, we simplify the difficult subject of Halving by halv- 
ing any stroke, whether light or heavy, for either t or d. 

The shun hook is confined to the circle side of straight strokes. 
A large hook on the opposite side represents ther, ter, or der. Gra- 
ham's ther tick is also used because it adds to the brevity of writing 
without lessening its legibility. To a limited extent we use a large 
w hook, on the r-hook side. This hook has been used for many 
years by Munson, and lately Benn Pitman has introduced it into 
his Manual. 

The profix sign for inter, intro, enter, has been dropped be- 
cause rep >rters find the disjoined Net takes more time to write and 
is harder to read than the lengthened N. 

Meu, man, gentlemen, gentleman, women, woman, hope, us 
oh or owe, own, and new, are written in the position indicated by 
the vowel in the word because the natural way of writing these 
words is easier than the arbitrary word-signs, and is just as legible. 

And is written in the third position to distinguish it from a, 
which is in the second position. 

Graham's word-signs for before and above, and Munson's signs 
for opportunity and opinion have been adopted because they are 
safer than the signs given by Benn Pitman. 

TO THE STUDENT. 



The following word-signs were omitted in the Manual by mis- 
take : ^ when, < difficult-y, J usual-ly, ^** rather* 

^\ afford. 



The figures given iu the foot-notes of the Key refer to sec- 
tions in "Barnes' Shorthand Manual." The nomenclature of the 
notes is almost identical with Graham's, and we hereby express our 
indebtedness to him for valuable suggestions. We differ from him 
in a few minor points. 

Graham calls the 1-hook strokes by the names Pel, Bel, Tel, 
Del, etc. These names tend to mislead the student, for they im- 
ply that a vowel may come between the stroke and the 1 hook; 
whereas the rnle is that there can be no intervening vowel. We 
prefer to call the 1-hook series by the names PI, Bl, etc., pro- 
nounced like the last syllable of ap/)?e, a&Ze, etc ; that is, the name 
is the same as the sound, and it shows that the 1 coalesces 
with the preceding consonant, forming one sound with it, and that 
consequently there can be no intervening vowel. For a similar 
reason, the names of the r-hook series are Pr, Br, Tr, etc., pro- 
nounced like the last syllables of upper, After, center, etc. 

When representing the consonant outline of a word, we have 
indicated the strokes by capital letters and the brief signs, circle, 
semi-circle, loop, or hook by small letters. The numbers 1, 2, and 
3 refer to the position of the stroke. Example, sPr 2, (pro- 
nounced as in prospe?-) indicates that the s circle and the r hook are 
prefixed to the stroke P, and that P is in the second position. 
Again, Tens indicates the T stroke followed by the ns circle. The 
vowel e represents any vowel that may come between the stroke 
and the hook; thus, Tens 1 represents the word tins; Tens 2, 
tones; Tens 3, tunes. When no number is given, the- second posi- 
tion is always meant. 

When the strokes for 1, r, or sh, are written up, they are called 
respectively Lay, Ray, and Shay. When written down, their names 
are L (El), R (Ar), and Ish. 

"The half lengths are named by adding the syllable et or ed 
to the sound of the full length, except when it is more convenient, 
or better for distinction's sake, to add the sound of t or d to the 
syllable name of the full length; thus, Pet or Ped, Bet or Bed, Let, 
Eld, Met, Med, Net or Ent, Ned or End, Art, Plet, Pret, etc." 

Many reporters shade the strokes L, M, N, and R, when halved 
to add d. Many others prefer to distinguish between conflicting 
words by vocalizing them. When half-length L is shaded to indi- 
cate that d is to be added to it, it is written down and is called Eld. 
It will not be mistaken for a half-length Yay, as it is seldom, if 
ever, necessary to halve Yay. 

The quarter length is named by adding the syllable oid to the 
half length which it resembles. Oid means like. Thus, the word- 
sign for of is called Petoid 1; Petoid because it is like Pet, and 1 
because it is in the first position. The H tick is called Chetoid be- 
cause it is like the half length Chet, only shorter. 



The small circle is called Iss except when the sound of s will 
unite with the name of the stroke. The large circle is called Sez 
or Ses, Zes or Zez, according to its sound. 

c is called Weh, and d Wuh. 
u is called Yeh, and n Yuh. 

In order to familiarize the student with this nomenclature at 
the outset, we give below the outlines of Letters 1 and 2, described 
according to the rules previously given. 

B-Fl, N-Yay, M-Ray-Chay, J, Gay, Jens, S-K, T-Lay-D, Hay 1, 
Drs-R, Yay, F-Vr, Iss 1, Rays-Vet, and, Petoid 1-Lay-S, Nr 1-P1, 
THet-l-weh-ISH-B,Ray-D, Petoid 2, M-K, ISH-P-Ments, N 1-Tet- 
oid, F 3-Ds, weN 1, Yay, Rder 1, Lay, Rays-V, R 3, Pr 1-Met, T- 
Nshun, weh 1, Gr-N-T, R 3, Geds, B 3, Gays-Ket-Lay, Iss 2, weh 
1, Ray-P-THe, sLayst-ing, Yay, Fet 3, Rders 1, weR 1, Rays-P- 
Yays, Ray-1-D-Brthers Tetoid-K. 

ISH-K-Gay, L 1-N, F-B, Det-R, R 3-Gays, R 1-P1, Mses-P, 
Drs-R, Yay, Ps-Lay, Nst-1, Rel-Tev, Petoicl 2, a, Ray-N-L, Petoid 
1-R, Con-Tr 3-Ket, weh 1, yuh 2, Iss 1, Tend 3, Nr 1-P1, wuh 2-S, 
THet 1-Chetoid, Tret-Ray, N 1-CHay, yuh 2-Rays-D, Iss 1, N 2- 
Petoid, Hon-Tr-Led, B 1, R 3, N-Yay, Fs 1, Eetoid-weh 1, wuh 2- 
Rays-P, Ref-Ray-yeh, Petoid 2-THe, F-Tetoid, Ray-N-L, Petoid 1- 
Chetoid, Con-Tr 3-Ket, N 2, Det 3, THe 2-Lay-B, Pref-Ket-Lay, 
Lay 2-ing, Petoid 2, M-K, an, Gr 1-Ment, weh 1, yuh 2, Retoid 1- 
Chetoid seM 2, Con-Dshun 1, Yays-Tr-Lay, Lay-Dr-CHay, Tet- 
oid-K 2. 

In order that the student may derive the greatest benefit from 
the study of these Shorthand Letters, he should translate as much 
of each letter as possible without referring to the Key. When he 
has finished his translation, let him compare it with the Key to 
ascertain whether it is correct or not, and to obtain those words, 
if any, that he was unable to translate. Then, without reference 
to the Key, he should read and copy the letter several times until 
he can read it correctly and quickly, and can write each word and 
phrase easily and with precision. 

He should then write the letter in shorthand from the Key 
and carefully correct it by means of the printed phonography. 
The letter should be re-written from the Key and corrected again 
as before. When the letter can be written without error, and 
without hesitation, it may be dictated to the student. The notes 
should be read and corrected each time after dictation. The letter 
should be written from dictation until a speed of, at first, 40 or 50 
words a minute is gained. 

Later on, the letters may be written from the Key at first, 
and the printed shorthand used only for correction and suggestion. 
As the student advances in the book, he should write the letters 
until he can write them at the rate of 50 to 80, and later, from 80 
to 100 words a minute. 



He should read the letters from the outset until he can read 
each letter with the utmost rapidity of articulation. 

The translation of the shorthand notes into long-hand is called 
a transcript. A transcript of each letter should be made on the 
typewriter if possible; if not, in ordinary penmanship. 

Each transcript should be corrected by means of the Key, re- 
written and corrected again until it coincides with the Key in word, 
spelling, and form. Nothing except slight differences in punctua- 
tion should be overlooked. 

If the student wishes to become a successful amanuensis, he 
must learn, above everything else, the importance of doing all his 
word exactly right; he must cultivate observation and faithfulness; 
he mnst know the spelling and meaning of every word that he 
writes. 

After going through these business letters carefully, it will be 
well for him to have the whole Key read to him, as fast as he can 
write it correctly, until he can write the whole at nearly 100 words 
a minute. Some will be able to reach a speed of 125 words a 
minute. 

At the same time he should have new matter dictated to him 
s'.owly. He should transcribe and compare it with the original as 
he did the letters. Then he should practice writing it for speed, 
reading his notes each time that he writes. 

From day to day his speed in taking new matter will increase, 
aod when he is able to write from 80 to 100 words a minute of new 
matter, and correctly transcribe it on the typewriter at the rate 
of 1200 words an hour, he may consider himself prepared to begin 
amanuensis work. 

Let him not imagine then that he knows everything. He should 
take corrections cheerfully from his employer; he should show an 
eagerness to learn, and a disposition to make his employer's inter- 
ests his own. He should never talk about his employer's business, 
but should, in every respect, show himself worthy of the place of 
confidendial clerk which he occupies. If he is faithful and compe- 
tent, he will be sure of meeting with, not only success, but pro- 
motion, both as regards salary and honorable trust. 



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BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 33 

No. l/ 

Buffalo, N. Y., March 16, 1883. 
J. G. Jones, (1) Esq., (2) 

Toledo, Ohio. 
Dear Sir; 

Your favor of the 22cl (3) is received, and I will say in re- 
ply that we shall be ready to make shipments in a few days, when 
your order will receive our prompt attention. We guarantee our 
goods to be exactly as we represent them. 
Soliciting your future orders, we are, 

Respectfully yours, 

REED BROS. & CO. 

No. 2. 

Chicago, 111., (4) Feb. 24, 1884. 
Editor (5) Argus, 

Ripley, Miss. 
Dear Sir: 

Your postal of the 21st inst., relative to a renewal of our 
contract (6) with you is at hand (7) . In reply would say that the 
territory in which you reside is now controlled by our New York 
Office, and we would respectfully refer you to them for a renewal of 
the contract. No doubt they will be perfectly willing to make an 
agreement with you on the same condition. 

Yours truly, 

ALDRICH & CO. 



1. Jones. Proper names should generally be vocalized when 
written in shorthand. Without a vowel, Jens would represent 
either Jones or Jaynes. See 253. 

2. Esq. 275. 

3. Favor of the 22nd. 279. 

4. Chicago and Illinois are here written separately in 
order to aid the beginner in reading. When copying this letter, 
join Chicago to Illinois. Write and read the phrase again and 
again, until it is familiar. Either El or Lay may be used in Illi- 
nois. 39. 

5. Debtor. Benn Pitman uses Det-AR for debtor. Some 
reporters prefer D-Tr. 

6. Contract. A reporter generally omits the Con dot in this 
word. See 272. 

7. At hand. 244. 



34 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



v 



No. 3. v 

Gentlemen. 

The machines you ordered through our Mr. Byers were 
shipped Thursday, as directed, and we have drawn on you through 
the express (8) office at Ripley and you will please call there and 
pay same. The bill of lading (9) accompanies the draft. 

Yours respectfully, 

E. A. OLIN, Manager. 

No. ir 

Messrs Phyfer & Johnson, 

Ripley, Miss. 
Gentlemen : 

Enclosed we send you our latest circular and price list of 
our improved Sewing Machines. 

We will make you a special discount from this price list of 
$4.50 per machine, cash with order. Machines delivered on cars 
here complete with attachments. Our machines are of superior 
workmanship, finely adjusted, first-class in every respect. 

We warrant every machine for five years. 

We shall be pleased to have your trade, and will give your 
orders our prompt and best attention. 

Yours truly, 

JUNE MANUFACTURING CO. (10) 

No. 5. " 
Messrs Phyfer & Johnson, 

Ripley, Miss. 
Gentlemen: 

Will you be kind enough to call and see Mr. Rogan of your 
place and examine the glass in some windows bought of us, and 
furnish us with the size and number of the glass that are sin- 
gle strengh. It seems there is some mistake; his order called 
for double strength, and we wish to correct any error that has 
been made. Please let us know how much it will cost us to have 
them re-glazed, and oblige, 

Very truly yours, 

COLE (11) MANUFACTURING CO. 

8. Express. In express, experience and similar words, the 
k can be omitted without loss of legibility. See 271. At present, 
it may be best for the beginner to insert the K, and later on the K 
may be omitted. 

9. Bill of Lading. 279. 

10. Manufacturing Company. See 273. Company or Co. 
may be represented by P-N or K, according to convenience of 
joining. 

11. Cole. 222. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 35 



No. 6. 

Messrs. Phyfer & Johnson, 

Ripley, Miss. 
Gentlemen: 

We are in receipt of your letter of the 18th inst. with re- 
mittance $2.10 (12). We find that we did receive from yon $24.15 
May 2d, as shown by onr cash-book, and also checked on your 
letter of advice; book-keeper entered to account of Johnson & 
Grone, of Memphis. 

Your order has been filled. Hereafter there will be no extra 
charge for extra attachments, that is, one price includes them. We 
now have a new set of attachments of ten pieces in a nice velvet- 
lined box, and this set is put in every machine that goes out. It 
costs $1.50 and retails at $3.50, and is a great addition to the ma- 
chine. Yours truly, 

J. B. ALDRICH & CO., 
Agents for the new B. Eldridge Sewing Machines. 

No. 7. ^ 
Gentlemen: 

Yours of the 12th inst. received. 

We have no Williams in stock, so send the other make, which 
we feel confident (13) will fill the bill quite as well as that. We 
find it equally as good a machine, and a little cheaper. We could 
not furnish the Williams at less than $16.50, and 85 cts. for extras 
— $17.35 complete. We can sell this machine at $16.50 including 
the extras. No charge for drayage, which costs 25 to 40 (11) cts. 
I think this is the substance of what I wrote you before; if not, 
advise me. 

Our latest new B. Eldridge is substantially the Domestic 
improved, with new open end self -threading cylinder shuttle. We 
would like you to see one. They are certainly the best and most 
improved machine in the market. 

Very truly, 

J. B. ALDRICH & CO. 
Gen. Agts. for the new B. Eldridge Sewing Machine. 



12. $2.10. By writing the cents in smaller figures and higher 
up than the dollars, both dollars and cents may be made plain 
without taking the time to insert either the decimal point or the 
word dollars. 

13. Confident. 272. 

14. 25 to 40. 280. 



KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 8. 



Mr. (15) Charles E. Curry, 

Albany, N. Y. 
Dear Sir: 

l^ours of the 19th just received this morning. We wired 
you the seed was not what we bought, and we would not receive 
it. The seed is still in St. Louis on track subject to your order. 
We can not understand why you insist on our accepting the seed. 
We have twice written you the reason, and also wired you at once 
(16), as soon as we found the seed was not what we ordered, being 
irregular in quality (17) and badly mixed with white clover and 
timothy. There is some seed in the lot that is poorer than the five 
sack lot of off-seed you sent us. We again say we can not accept 
this lot of seed. Yours truly, 

PLANT SEED CO. 
No. 9 

George C. Henry, Esq., 

Philadelphia, Pa. 
Dear Sir: 

Your favor (18) of the 26th received. Please mail us a 
sample of your choice Alfalfa, and the very lowest price you can 
sell us car-load job there and rate of freight to St. Louis. We 
offer you as follows : 

Choice Timothy, $1 78 per bushel; Red Top, 42 to 48 per bu. ; 
Orchard Grass, $1.57; extra clean Blue Grass, 55 cts. per bu.; 
choice Red Clover, at $4.52; prime, $4.50. 

All f . o. b. here. We would be pleased to have your order. 

Truly yours, 

PLANT SEED CO. (19) 



15. Mr. Reporters generally omit Mr. and Messrs. in their 
shorthand notes, but insert them in their transcripts. 

16. At once may be written as given in this letter, or Tens 3 
may be used as in letter 57, line 2. One is often denoted by the n 
hook, and once by the ns circle, or the circle within the n hook on 
a curve. 

17. Quality. 269 and 222. 

18. Your favor. A phrase of frequent occurrence may be 
written in a very abbreviated way. 

19. Plant Seed Co. 245. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 37 



No. 10. 

Mr. Thomas Blaine, 

Detroit, Mich. 
Dear Sir: 

Your favor of the 28th inst. received and contents (20) noted. 
We wrote you stating that we had no room for the seed in our 
store. We have made no claim on you for reclamation, neither do 
we refuse to accept the seed because there has been a decline in 
the market. We bought prime seed from you, which you have 
failed to furnish. We told you we wanted prime, uniform seed 
when we made you our offer, which was done in our office, in the 
presence of our cashier. You said that you could not accept our 
offer, but would have to put in seed that contained Timothy ; and 
we told you that we did not want it unless free from Timothy and 
White Clover; and you accepted our offer on those conditions, of 
which we have proof. If you are not satisfied with our represen- 
tation of the seed, why don't you come down and look at it your- 
self, or call on some one else who knows something about seed to 
do so for you ? We think that is the proper way to do. 
Yours respectfully, 

PLANT SEED COMPANY. 

No. 11. 

Mr. S. M. Kerwin, Jr., St. Louis, Mo., Oct. 23d, 1888. 

Dear Sir: 

Inclosed please find our net price lists to take effect at once. 
Please report what stock you have on hand and sales to July 1st. 
We want you this fall to give our powder a strong push and see 
whether you cannot (21) help us out to sell a quantity (22). That 
is the only way we can keep even, for the more we sell the cheaper 
we can make it. 

For a few days we have a special rate from Boston to New 
Orleans in C. L. (car load) lots. We wish to make up a car to 
send there to be distributed to other points; and we would like to 
put in a lot equal to 200 kegs for you. 



20. Contents. 272. 

21. Cannot. Ken-Net is a safer form than Kent 1 for can- 
not. In phrasing, the latter form is likely to be confused with 
Ken, the outline for can. The reporter should write so that his 
notes can be correctly read by others, or by himself, years after 
they have been written. 

22. Quantity. Those who do not use the large w hook gen- 
erally indicate quantity by K-weNt-T, 



38 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



Onreceipt of this, will you kindly make a list equal to that 
amount of such powders as you will want this fall and winter, and 
send it here as soon as possible? To get the rate we must ship 
quick, (23) and now prices are so close, every cut in freights helps, 
and we do not want to lose it. 

Truly yours, 

S. M. BROWN. 
No. 12. 
Miners' Supply Co., 

Saint Clair, Pa. 
Gentlemen: 

George Haw& Co., Ottumwa, Iowa, sell your squi f s at $20.00 
per case, delivered to towns in their section. This is positive. The 
squibs are your make and the price is $20 00 delivered. 

How do they clo it? Where do they get the squibs? They 
are taking trade right out of our hands, even selling to our own 
agents. We do not want lower prices or for you to make less on 
the goods, but we must either be protected, or must meet prices 
made by others. We are not willing to advertise your goods and 
ourselves as your agents and have merchants sell lower than we 
can. We have kept your prices up well in the country, and worked 
hard to do it, but we do not understand how parties can get your 
squibs to sell below our cost. Let us hear from you quickly with 
some remedy, and oblige, Very respectfully, 

F. H. PAGE. 
No. 13. 
American Powder Mills, 

Boston, Mass. 
Gentlemen: 

Your favor of the 22d inst. at hand and contents noted. We 
would like a full line of standard samples in the next (24) car that 
comes to us. They give buyers an accurate idea of what they buy 
and save much trouble in ordering. 

In your favor of the 14th you speak of Nichols, Rockwell & 
Co., at Jacksonville, Fla. Went over the Southern business with 
Mr. Fay on Friday last when here, and a policy has been decided 
upon. Will you kindly give us the terms made with the parties at 
Jacksonville, freights there, if any goods have been (25) sent there 
(26), and what has been stated to them as to magazine and land. 
I believe you sent this information to me there, but as I did not 
go never got it, and must trouble you again. 

Yours respectfully, 

S B. DOANE, 
Agt. American Powder Mills. 

23. Quick. 269. 

24. Next. 271. 

25. Have Been. 241. 

26. Sent there. 240. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 39 



No. 14. 

Mr. W. H. Newman, Traffic Manager, 

Galveston, Tex. 

Dear Sir: 

By joint Texas classification No. 4, of June 1st, the railroads 
of Texas refuse to transport dynamite. 

Without a single exception the railroads centering in St. Louis 
and we believe the same may now be said of Chicago transport dyna- 
mite over the entire length of their (27) line ; they also receive 
dynamite consigned to any point in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisi- 
ana, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Kansas, Colorado (28) and New 
Mexico ; but now, under the rulings of the classification referred 
to, refuse to receive when consigned to points in Texas. This 
works a great hardship, as Texas is a large consumer of dynamite, 
taking several hundred tons each year, and the railroad construc- 
tion now in progress in that State demands the use of that ex- 
plosive. 

Will you please make a careful examination of the enclosed 
matter on dynamite and its safety in transportation. The tests 
made can all be substantiated or repeated at any time. The Penn- 
sylvania Company made most exhaustive tests and fully satisfied 
themselves, so that they now carry it freely ; and the testimony of 
those witnessing (29) the tests at the Hecla Works is beyond 
question. 

We would respectfully ask a reconsideration (30) of the 
matter, and a revisal of the Texas classification to admit its trans- 
portation subject to the rules regulating the transportation of 
gunpowder. Yours truly, 

R. (31) W. MERRIAM. 



27. Of there. 240. 

28. Colorado, or KJ-Ray-D. See page 17, line 4. 

29. Witnessing the. 233. 

30. Reconsideration. 272. 

31. It is generally best to write initials in long-hand. When 
written in shorthand, the initial R should be denoted by Ray, as a 
slight pressure of the hand would chauge AR into a W. 



40 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 15 
Dear Sir: 

Yours at hand and contents noted. Enclosed you will find 
ray Wholesale (32) Price List and Discount Sheet, which I trust 
will prove satisfactory. I send you my Illustrated Catalogue in 
another enclosure. 

I am prepared to ship (33) promptly, and will give you work 
that will meet every demand of your trade. 
Let me hear from you and oblige, 

Respectfully yours, 

D. W. HAYDOCK, 
Wholesale Carriage Manufacturer. 

No. 16. 
Dear Sir: 

In reply to yours (34) of the 8th, I will furnish you with a 
No. 24 Platform (35) Spring Phaeton, A (36) grade, with set of No. 
3 harness, as described in your letter, for $200.00, f. o. b. (37) 
St. Louis. 

Let me have your order and I will send you a job with which 
you will be pleased. 

Hoping to hear from you by return mail, I am, 
Yours respectfully, 

/ D. W. HAYDOCK. 
No. 17. * 
Dear Sir: 

We are in receipt of yours of the 9th, enclosing bill of lading 
and expense bill. I flud that you have been overcharged on same. 
By referring to shipment of Sept. 6th, you will notice that the rate 
is $1.13 per hundred pounds over this road. You had better make 
claim for the difference in freight, which amounts to about $4.52. 
Enclosed find papers, which I return to you so that you can 
make claim from your end of the road. 

Yours respectfully, 
D. W. HAYDOCK. 

32. Wholesale. Some use Lay 3 as a word-sign for whole, 
but it seems unnecessary to burden the memory with this word- 
sign when the natural outline is so easily written and so legible. 
The useof the H tick prevents any conflict with any other word. 

33. It is unnecessary to put words in position that can be 
easily read without position. See 114. 

34. In reply to yours. 283. 

35. Platform. 224. 

36. A. Unless a reportor is very careful he had better write 
all initials in long-hand. The shorthand is here given for reading 
practice. 

37. F. O. B., meaning "free on board, " is sometimes pro- 
nounced fob by the dictator, and may be so written in the short- 
hand notes, but in the transcripts the correct abbreviation should 
be given. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHOKTHAND. 41 



No. 18. 

Dear Sir: 

Replying to your favor of the 11th, I will furnish you with 
the buggy, as described in your letter, made of good material, in 
A grade, with set of harness, for $175.00, f. o. b., St. Louis. 

I do not deliver any of my work ; all quotations are made 
f. o. b. cars St. Louis. 

If you wish a heavy job that will stand a very rough coun- 
try, I refer you to the No. 20 or No. 5 in catalogue. If you wish a 
lighter job, I think the Dexter Spring or the Coil Spring would suit 
you. I could put a heavier wheel on either of these two last 
named jobs, if desired. The Shell Band Wheels are made with 
Staggared Spokes and are said to be very good wheels. I do not 
claim they are better than a good Sarven Patent Wheel. Hoping 
to be favored with your order, I am, 

Yours respectfully, 

D. W. HAYDOCK, 
Wholesale Carriage Manufacturer. 

No. 19. 

Boston, Jan. (38) 9th, 1886. 
Dear Madam: 

Sometime during the month of February or March we shall 
be represented in your city by our agents, Misses (39) Hyde and 
Lane. 

They will have the pleasure of showing you a full line of 
samples in extreme novelties, in cotton, woolen, and silk dress 
goods, hosiery, neckwear, gloves, &c. Also models for ladies' and 
children's dresses and wraps. 

Our display will be from advance samples of goods yet to 
arrive, which we make a special effort to order early from abroad 
for the benefit (40) of our Western customers, and we trust that 
you will encourage us by reserving your orders until our arrival. 

Thanking you for your patronage in the past, and promising 
for the future a prompt and personal attention to all orders given, 
we remain, Yours respectfully, 

L P. HOLLANDER & CO. 

P. S. — Names of individuals mailed to us would be very 
acceptable. 



38. January may be written J-N or J-Ner. 

39. Ms-Z is used for Misses, and Mses is used for Mrs. 

40. Benefit. It is easier to make B straight if the n hook is 
used instead of the n stroke. 



42 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 20. 
John W. Barker, Esq., 

Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Dear Sir: 

We were much gratified the past season at the interest you 
showed in HOME & FARM, and at the number of subscribers you 
sent us. We trust you will continue your interest and send us 
subscribers this year. We believe you will see, as most all others 
do, that HOME & FARM is steadily improving, and at the low price 
we charge for it the subscription list ought to continue to grow, 
and certainly will with the good efforts of yourself and others who 
have shown so much interest in the success of our paper. 

We send you by this mail our premium list, subscription 
blank, &c, and trust to hear favorably from you. 

We also ask your attention to our new magazine, the 
SOUTHERN BIVOUAC, which has met with very great favor, not 
only in the South, but in the North as well. We will send you 
sample copies of this magazine for 10 cents, though the regular 
price is 20 cents. The regular subscription price is $2.00 per an- 
num, and we offer you 20 per cent, discount from this price, or, on 
receipt of a club of two or more subscribers at a time, $1.60 net, 
or, on receipt of $8.00 and four subscriptions, we will send you an 
extra copy for one year, free of charge. 

Very respectfully yours, 

HOME AND FARM. 



No. 21. 
Mr. James F. Barrett, 

Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Dear Sir: 

Yon will, no doubt, receive a notification from the News 
Company that after the thirtieth day of September next the num- 
bers of the "Lovell Library" will no louger be returnable. 

This action on the part of the News Company (41) is neces- 
sarily taken, as we have decided to withdraw (42) the General 
Agency from that Corporation and for the future to supply, not 
only the News Companies, but jobbers and the trade generally who 
may desire it, directly ourselves. We have been urged to this 
course by a large number of dealers, many of whom, for various 
reasons, do not care to deal with the News Companies, while 
others think it will be fairer to obtain supplies directly from us. 



41. News Co. may be written either Ns-P-N or Ns-K, 

42. Withdraw. 269, 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 43 



In acceding to the wishes of these dealers we take a very 
great risk. The large number of our Libraries now in dealers' 
hands, if returned to us at this time, would work us a serious in- 
jury. We would therefore ask dealers to retain the stocks they 
have, (43) and if at any time they desire to return any numbers, we 
will ourselves accept such returns and pay for them either by cash 
or with other numbers, as desired. In this way dealers who ap- 
prove of our course will very materially assist, at no cost or risk 
to themselves, in making the new departure successful. 

It should be remembered that the publishers of "Lovell's 
Library" originated what is now called the "Pocket Edition," and 
that their (44) list of books is larger and better selected than any 
of their imitators. We propose for the future to add lighter works 
of fiction, including all the best of the new works as they appear* 
so that dealers handling this Library will find almost everything 
their customers (45) need, and that, in consequence, (46) it will not 
be necessary to carry stock of any other series. 

That dealers may run no risk in carrying stock, we will at 
any time exchange unsold (47) copies for any others from our list. 
Dealers can send to us such numbers as they desire to exchange by 
mail, post-paid, (48) at the rate of one cent a pound, and we will 
send numbers ordered to replace them in the same way, making no 
charge for postage. 

Supplies can be obtained from any Wholesale News Com- 
pany, Bookseller or Jobber, but to insure promptness (49), ex- 
changes should be made directly with us. We will endeavor always 
to make the exchange the same clay numbers are received. 

If you approve of our course, please fill in inclosed blank 
with number of catalogues you desire, inclosing your business 
card, and we will print with your name and send to you as quickly 
as possible. Yours truly, 

JOHN W. LOVELL CO. 

43. They have. See 221 and 239. 

44. And that their. 240 

45. Customers. Either Ks-M-Rays or Ks-T-Mrs may be 
used. 

46. In consequence. 272. 

47. Unsold. 196. 

48. Postpaid. 270. 

49. Promptness. 228, 



44 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 22. 

Chicago, 111., Aug. 7, 1885. 

Mr. S. T. Chamberlain, 

Kansas City, Mo. 
Dear Sir; 

Desiring to enlarge and extend my already large trade in 
your section, I take this method of reaching you in the hope that 
the following low discounts may prove an inducement to the open- 
ing of trade or correspondence with you, which I feel confident 
will be of mutual advantage and benefit. 

Doors, 1st and 2nd quality 55 and 5 per cent. 

Doors, 3rd quality 60 " 

O. S. Blinds 60 and 5 " 

Unglazed Sash 65 " 

Glazed Sash 65 " 

Mouldings 60 " 

from my Price Lists, which I will be pleased to mail you upon ap- 
plication. 

Situated as I am in the greatest lumber market in the world, 
(50) almost in the center of the Union, and one of the greatest 
railroad centers of the same, my facilities for manufacturing 
economically, and ability to reach all points at the lowest possible 
rates of freight, especially in the great South and Southeast, are 
unsurpassed and perhaps unequalled. 

Therefore I feel justified in assuming that it will be to your 
interest to give me a trial, and trust that you will at least kindly 
favor me with a reply, stating your wants, and I will endeavor to 
be of service to you. 

Soliciting your orders and commands, I am, 
Yours very truly, 

E. L. ROBERTS. 

50. In the world. 282. 



BUSINESS LETTEKS IN SHORTHAND. 45 



No. 23. 
C. D. BrowD, Esq., 

Cheyenne, Wyoming Ter. 
Dear Sir: 

Replying to your favor (51) of September 1st, asking me to 
see whether I could procure space in the Exposition Building at 
St. Louis for a choice selection of Wyoming ores, I would state 
that on receipt of the letter I called on J. H. Johnson, Manager of 
the Exposition — which opens to-night — and he tells me that it is 
utterly impossible for him to say whether he can (52) furnish space 
or not (53) until after they get settled; everything is crowded; 
space is nearly all taken ; but he says he would like to have the 
selection of Wyoming ores very much, and if he can possibly ar- 
range for space he will do so and advise me just as soon as he gets 
settled. 

If I hear from him favorably I will advise you at once, so 
that you can forward your ores immediately; but until then I 
wouM not advise that the ores be sent here for exhibition, as it 
would be of no use. 

Mr. Johnson says had he known of this two or three weeks 
earlier he would have arranged for special space for the ores, as 
this is one of his hobbies, but waiting until the last minute it is 
hard to tell what he can do. I will write you again if Mr. Johnson 
can find space and advises me of it. 

Yours truly, 

No. 24. 
Hamilton Hardware Co., 

Brookfield, Mo. 
Gentlemen : 

Referring to your claim for loss of one anvil that was 
shipped to Fort Madison in error, in regard to which you stated a 
few days since that if we returned you this anvil in good order you 
would withdraw claim, I beg leave to advise you that under date 
of July 21st our Mr. HiUon states that he has ordered the anvil for 
the Hamilton Hardware Co., billed free to them from Fort Madison. 

He also states that he will refund the drayage and prepaid 
charges. 

I wish you would be kind enough to accept this anvil when 
it arrives and withdraw claim. 

Yours truly, 

51. Replying to your favor may be phrased by omitting 
ing and to. See 273 and 283. 

52. He can. See 242. Also page 71 of Manual, line 11. 

53. Or not. In a few cases after a half length or a quarter 
length, not is indicated by the n hook only, without halving. 



46 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 25. 



Messrs. Benson, Jaynes & Co., 

St. Paul, Minn. 
Gentlemen: 

I have yonr favor of the 27th ult., and in reply thereto would 
state that I have at last located the letters referred to in yours, 
and I am advised by our E. St. Louis agent that he has not yet re- 
ceived the bales of bagging. As soon as we do receive them we 
will forward same and send you bill of lading at once. 

I send you bill of lading by U. S. mail to-night for one ship- 
ment that went forward a few days since. 

Truly yours, 

No. 26. 
Mr. Henry C. Martin, 

Decatur, 111. 
Dear Sir; 

Your favor of Sept. 27th is at hand. In reply will say we will 
charter you three passenger coaches to run to St. Louis and return 
on the occasion of the St. Louis Fair at the rate of $225.00 per 
coach for the round trip. These coaches will be limited to sixty 
passengers each, and no passengers are to be taken on en route. (54) 
Yours very truly, 

F. CHANDLER, 

G. P. &T. A. 



54. Ex route is written by some reporters as given here; by 
others as on page 28, 4th line of letter 57. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 47 



No. 27. 
Mr. Chas. G. Baldwin, 

G. P. & T. A. Northern Pacific Ry., (55) 
St. Paul, Minn. 
Dear Sir: 

Inclosed I hand you the return portion of two round trip 
tickets, form "B (36) 2, No. 12,947," belongiug to Mr. John L. Ma- 
son, of this city. You will notice that the eastern portion of the 
tickets has been extended until April 1st, and I will be very 
much obliged if you will extend your coupons to the same date 
and forward the tickets to Mr. Mason, 1927 California Ave., San 
Francisco. By doing this you will very much oblige, 

Yours very truly, 

D. M. KENDRICKS, 

G. P. A., New York City. 
No. 28. 
Messrs. Bacon, Lewis & Co., 

Toledo, Ohio. 
Gentlemen: 

Referring to the attached claims, we return all papers here- 
with and most respectfully decline same. Investigation shows 
that the grain came through from original point of shipment in the 
same cars in which it was loaded; if there was wheat in the bot- 
tom of the cars of oats it must have been loaded so, or have been 
there when loaded by shippers. 

You will notice that certificates of inspection herewith at- 
tached show no wheat. 

We cannot entertain the claim as we are not responsible for 
the mixing, on account of cars having come through as originally 
loaded and in original cars. 

Truly yours, 

PERCIVAL LOWELL, 

G. P. A., St. Louis, Mo. 

55. In railroad parlance, a road is often called by its initials 
only; for instance, the Baltimore & Ohio road is spoken of as 
the B. & O. Sometimes only the word railway or railroad is 
omitted, as in this case. When transcribing from shorthaud notes, 
it is generally best to write the full name of any road. 

The address of an official is seldom dictated to a railroad 
stenographer, because he is supposed to know it. Every steno- 
grapher, whether in the railroad employ or not, ought to prepare 
and keep always at his side a list of the names and addresses of at 
least the regular correspondents of his employer. This will remove 
the danger of misspelling names, or of sending letters to a wrong 
address. Such a list, alphabetically arranged in a small note-book, 
can be studied by the stenographer in his leisure moments, and 
will be worth its weight in gold to him. 



48 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 29. 

Messrs. Harrison Bros. & Co., 

City. 
Gentlemen: 

Replying to yours of the 11th inst., in which you ask us to 
take an advertisement in your new weekly paper, I must say that 
on a thorough investigation of this matter, and after conferring 
with our people at Chicago, I will be obliged, at present, to decline 
to take the ad. It has never been our custom to advertise in 
special trade mediums ; to advertise in them simply augments the 
total amount of transportation issued, which is, of course, neces- 
sarily large, and for which we do not get a proportionate return. 

Again, we calculate to reach in one way or another not only 
the same class of people that special mediums do, but a great 
many others besides. Our people think it would be establishing a 
bad precedent to undertake to use your paper for our ad. and fur- 
nish transportation for your traveling men to use on the road. 

I have before me another application of the same kind from 
a paper which is virtually an advertising medium in the interest of 
leather manufacturers. Under the same ruling we will be obliged 
to decline to advertise with them W e have, as you know, probably 
one hundred special advertising mediums in this city, and if we 
opened the door to one we would be obliged to open it to all. 

Regretting that such is the case, I am, 
Truly yours, 

J. M. BECHTEL, 

G. A. C.B. & Q. 

No. 30. 

Mr. D. M. Kendricks, 

Gen. Pass. Agt, N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., New York City. 
Dear Sir: 

Will you kindly favor me with a pass, New York to Buffalo 
and return, in favor of J. B. Maynard. Mr. Maynard is an employe 
of this department, and the favor will be gladly reciprocated by 
me. Kindly limit pass sixty days from Dec. 1st, and oblige, 
Yours very truly, 

F. CHANDLER, 

G. P. &T A. Mo.Pac. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 49 



No. 31. 

J. H. Mason, Esq., 

Gen. Eastern Agt., New York City. 
Dear Sir: 

I have your letter of Oct. 20th in regard to orders for Chas. 
G. Bragg and J. J. Miller for thirteen or fourteen tickets to 
Los Angeles and return. 

I still have the orders and now ascertain that both Mr. Bragg 
and Mr. Miller are out of the city, (56) Mr. Bragg having Jeft early 
last week for Omaha; and he asks that I have these orders for- 
warded to Mr. Smith at Omaha, as he will be there (57) on Wednes- 
day, the 2d of November. Therefore I will forward them to Mr. 
Smith to-day by express (58) . 

Truly yours, 

J. M. BECHTEL, 

G. A. C.B. &Q. (59) 

No. 32. 

F. A. Robinson, Esq., 

A. G. F. A. C. & A ; , City. 
Dear Sir: 

Rate on H. H. (household) goods to Laurens, Miss. 
In reply to yours of even date, beg to name you rate on H. 
H. goods C. L. and less St. Louis to above point $1.39 per 100, if 
taken at owner's risk; (60) $5.00 per 100 valuation in case of total 
loss. 

We present the shortest line and will give attention to such 
shipments as you may favor us with. We hope to hear from you in 
the future. 

Please advise if this rate is accepted, and elate of shipment, 
so we can have same protected. 

Yours truly, 

S. J. CASSETTY, 

Gen. Agent L. & N. 

56. Out of the city. 239. 

57. Be there. 240. 

58. By express. See note 8. When copying this letter. 
phrase thus: B-sPrs. 

59. C. B. & Q. 245. 

60. The abbreviation O. R. is often used instead of the words 
< owner's risk." 



50 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 33. 
Messrs. J. L. Dickson & Co.. 

City. 
Gentlemen: 

Disposition one box mouldings at St. Paul, Minn. 
Goods shipped to your order, notify yourself, 222 Clark St., 
St. Paul, Minn., from St Louis, way bill D 189, Aug. 1st. Local 
agents claim they can get no reply from you as to disposition. 

If shipment is not disposed of, of course the R. R. Co. will 
have to sell the freight for charges. We dislike to do this and 
would thank you for disposition. 

Yours truly, 

S. J. CASSETTY, 

Gen. Agent L. & N. 
No. 34. 
P. T. Murphy, Esq., 

Agent, Savannah, Ga. 
Dear Sir: 

Shortage on shipment from Simmons Hdw. Co. 
St. Louis W. B. F. 41, June 1st, '86, 3 bxs. hardware and one 
spring, from above to B. F. Wilson, Savannah, checked 0. K. at 
this station, but claimed short at destination. This shipment 
seems to have passed Atlanta in good condition, and our agent 
here has received no exception report. - 

However, shipment seems to have been lost. I wish you 
would say if you know anything concerning this matter, as it has 
been hanging fire for a long time. Please do not side-track this 
tracer, as it is important that delivery should be shown. Claim 
will be presented if 2;oods are not located soon. 

Yours truly, S. J. CASSETTY, 

Gen. Agent L. & N. 
No. 35. 
S. V. Barnes, Esq., 

Agent, Milwaukee, Wis. 
Dear Sir; 

Forwarding goods acct. Collier White Lead Co. 
Please refer to St. Louis way bill F. 1342, Oct. 24th, for lot 
of white lead and oil from above consigned to shipper's order, no- 
tify J. E. Wilkes & Co., Kansas City. Please forward this shipment 
to order; notify same party at Denver, Col. 

As this (61) was an error on the part of shippers, allow all 
charges to follow. Trace through for date of arrival and delivery 
at proper destination, advising, Yours truly, 

S. J. CASSETTY, 

G. A. L. &N. 

61. As this. We prefer to put this instead of as in position 
in order to distinguish as this from as those, because the two 
phrases will sometimes conflict. Reporters are not agreed, how- 
ever, as to the best position for this phrase. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 51 

No. 36. 
D. L. Midgely, Esq., 

Agent, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Dear Sir: 

Returning one bale cotton. 
This shipment to you from St. Louis on way bill E. 1657, 
June 23rd, 1886, car L. E. & St. L. 9583. I hold the original bill 
of lading and request from shippers to have same returned to them 
at St. Louis. Please see that this is done, allowing all charges to 
follow, and tracing for delivery at this end of the line. 

This was an error on the part of shipping clerk. You 
will understand the annoyance it has caused I would therefore 
be pleased to have you give this your personal attention. 

Yours truly, 

S. J. CASSETTY, 

G. A. L. &N. 
No. 37. 
Harter Medicine Co., 

City. 
Gentlemen: 

Disposition thirteen boxes of medicine for J. H. Greer. 
This shipment was made Sept. 11th. It seems that the local 
agents are unable to (62) get disposition from you. In your letter 
you spoke of better reference. It is impossible to give you any 
better reference. You have the name of the man you shipped the 
goods to and date forwarded. This is all we know of the matter. 
If disposition is not given, the shipment will have to go to 
the unclaimed freight depot and be sold for freight, Please make a 
thorough search and see if you cannot locate the shipment. 

Yours truly, 

S. J. CASSETTY, 

G. A. L. & N. 
No. 38. 

THE NEW YORK CENTRAL SLEEPING CAR CO., 

New York, March 3rd, 18S5. 
Order No. 12. 
To Supts. and Agents: 

Instruct at once all Conductors and Porters that care must 
be taken in receiving passengers to see that their tickets are good 
on the trains they are about to take. 

This refers particularly to the Limited Express and trains 
Nos. 1 and 4 on the Lake Shore Road. 

C. D. FLAGG, 

Gen. Snpt. (63) 

62. Unable to. Blet 2, the word-sign for able to, is here 
used in the derivative unable to. See 2(52. 

63. General Superintendent. 27(5. 



52 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No 39. 
Order No. 13. 
To Supts. and Agents: 

Upon receipt of this please forward to this office the length 
of body form corner post and the width of body at eaves, of all 
cars shown on our printed list from Nos. 1 to 112 inclusive, which 
may leave or arrive at your station during the next ten days. 
Send this information daily, the Gates cars in particular. 

Please note also which cars, if any, have steel as well as iron 
wheels under them, and how many of each kind there are in each 
truck. 

C. D. FLAGG, 

Gen. Supt. 
No. 40. 
Order No 15. 
To Supts. and Agents; 

We find that many of the diagrams in use do not con- 
form to the interior arrangement of the cars they are supposed to 
represent; you are therefore, upon receipt of this, requested to 
make a personal inspection, and send to this office as soon as pos- 
sible a diagram which will represent exactly all cars arriving at or 
leaving your station. SEND DAILY. 

Use a diagram for this purpose as near like the car you are 
examining as you can find, and with pen or pencil make the desired 
alteration. 

Write the name of car on every diagram you send in; be 
particular also to note that the berth and seat numbers are shown 
on your diagram as located in the car. The North Western, Shore 
Line and the seventy-five standard cars Nos. 113 to 186, inclusive, 
as shown on our printed list, need not be examined — we have their 
plans. 

CD. FLAGG, 

Gen. Supt. 
No. 41. 
Order No. 17. 
To Supts. and Agents: 

With this we send you forty-six copies of the Rules and Reg- 
ulations for Conductors and Porters, numbered Nos. 308 to 353 
inclusive. You are to issue one to each Conductor and Porter 
carried on your pay-rolls, and re-enter on your office records the 
employee's name and number of book given him. 

Instruct all interested that it is expected they will familiarize 
themselves at once (64) with said Rules, and that they must be 
studied (65) carefully. 

One copy for Superintendents and Agents, No. 30, is enclosed 
for your personal use and reference. 

64 At once. See note 16. Both forms are used by good 
reporters. 

65. Studied. If preferred, sT-D may be used. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 53 



We also send you some of the blanks mentioned (66) in the 
book for rules; others will be forwarded as received from the 
printer. 

The General Superintendent will call on you in a few days 
and explain the use or application of the above mentioned Rules 
and blanks. 

C. D. FLAGG. 
No. 42. 

Messrs. J. S. McCarty & Co., 

St. Paul, Minn. 
Gentlemen: 

Inclosed please find invoice for the li (67) panel poplar sent 
you by the Diamond Jo Line to-day. Have you any of that wide, 
No. 1 sheathing, such as we received last from you, or would 
you be able to make a contract to deliver some after the first of 
April? If so, how ranch? 

Yours very truly, 

SMITH, JAMESON & LITTLE. 

No. 43. 

Mr. Peter H. Curtis & Co., 

Indianapolis, Ind. 
Gentlemen: 

Your telegram is just this moment received, and we have 
wired to the mill to get out the three cars of 2 in. x 14 in. 
x 25 ft. (68) joist for you immediately. As soon as they come in 
we will transfer (69) them and rush them through. Thanking you 
for the order, we are, 

Yours very truly, 

SMITH, JAMESON & LITTLE. 

66 Mentioned may be written in three ways; as given here 
or as in letter 54, 4th line. Some write it Men-Shent. 

67. Fourths are generally written as follows: _L=i, 2.= J or 
4, 3=|. 

68. 2 x 14 x 25. In lumber letters, the first two numbers are 
always inches, indicating the thickness and width of the lumber. 
The third number is always feet, and gives the length of the lum- 
ber. It is unnecessary, therefore, to write the words inches and 
feet in shorthand. By is generally omitted in the shorthand notes: 
but its equivalent x is inserted in the transcript. 

69. Transfer. The form given here is easily written and 
will not conflict with any other word. 



54 KEY TO SHOETIIAND. 



No. 44. 
Langstaff-Orm Mfg Co., 

Bard well, Ky. 
Gentlemen: 

We are informed hy Messrs. Montgomery and Griffith, of 
this city, that you have a lot of ash lumber for sale. If the lot is 
not already sold we would like to have your quotations on it and 
descriptions of quality, sizes and dryness. 

We are in the market for ash lumber and will pay outside 
prices for sgme delivered here in St. Louis. We would particularly 
like a quantity of 6-in. x 6-in. x 16 ft., and would pay something 
more than the ordinary price for that size. 

Please let us know immediately if you have the lumber to 
sell and oblige, 

Yours very truly, 

SMITH, JAMESON & LITTLE. 

No. 45. 
Messrs. Henry L. Jennings & Co., 

Louisville, Ky. 
Gentlemen: 

Your inquiry of the 29th is received. We will deliver the 
one thousand feet Jin. x 18 in, x 14 ft., S. 2 S., (70) at $37.50 
per M. Fourteen thousand I in. S. 2 S. (70), from 12 in. to 16 in. 
wide, one-half to run at least from 14 in. to 15 in, at $33.00 
per M. 

We have the lumber in stock, dry, and can have it dressed 
and shipped at once on receipt of your order, if you will favor us 
with the same. 

Yours very truly, 

SMITH, JAMESON & LITTLE. 

No. 46. 
Mr. J. G. Maynarcl, 

Cairo, 111. 
Dear Sir: 

We received your telegram this morning asking us to see Mr. 
Scudder and have him order the City of Providence to take out the 
balance of the ash, etc. at the mill. We did our best to do this, 
bat without avail The only promise that we could get from the 
boat people here was "that they would take it as soon as possible," 
and that "it was probable they would get it oat within a week." 
More than this we could not get them to promise. 

You will have to look out for a boat yourself down there, and 
whenever a boat comes up lightly loaded you may get it on that, 
otherwise we fear it will drag along longer than a week. 
Yours very truly, 

SMITH, JAMESON & LITTLE. 

70. S. 2 S. signifies "surfaced two sides;" that is, both sides 
are dressed. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 55 



No, 47. 



Walter F. McGregor, Esq., 

Hartford, Conn, 
Dear Sir: 

The matter of collections of past due notes and balances due 
on your territory is an important matter to us. It is important on 
all other territories as well as your own, and it is a matter that we 
are going to watch very closely and know what each traveler ac- 
complishes in the way of collections on his territory. The profits 
are so slight in the business now thatwe must put more than ordi- 
nary effort on our collections. We shall judge a man's worth as 
much by his collections as by the number of machines he sells. 
We want you to kindly bear in miud that this matter is most im- 
portant and we request that you give it your very best attention. 

Yours truly, 

D. M. OSBORNE & CO. 



No. 48. 
Mr. Albert H. Kent, 

Buffalo, N. Y. 
Dear Sir: 

Please remember that all our 1888 binders will contain but 
one cutter-bar; that is to be a sickle-bar. The machines will have 
sickle sections packed in tool-box. In case any customer wants a 
smooth cutter-bar with his machine, it will be necessary for you to 
specify smooth cutter-bar in the order; otherwise he will get the 
sickle. We have had a few cases reported to us where the drive 
or road wheel in 1887 harvesters had not given entire satisfac- 
tion. The difficulty with the wheel was that it became shaky. 
This trouble can be remedied by putting in additional bolts through 
the hub and having them drawn up snug and tight. We have fixed 
one or two (71) wheels in this way and they are as good as new after 
the additional bolts are put in. In case you have any wheels on 
your territory which are not satisfactory, we will furnish these bolts 
free of charge. Understand, any of the w T heels that are not all 
right we want to make satisfactory. If all of the nuts are drawn up 
tightly in the wheel we believe there will be no trouble with it. If 
you have any trouble on your territory, now is the time to have us 
ship the additional bolts and get the wheels fixed before springtime. 
Yours very truly, 

D. M. OSBORNE & CO. 



71. One or two. 282. 



-T 



56 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 49. 
Geo. Whiteley, Esq., 

Newton, Kan. 
Dear Sir: 

Please understand that for 1888 all front gear binders will 
have short arms. If you want any front gear binders on your ter- 
ritory it will be necessary to specify front gear, as all machines will 
be shipped rear gear unless ordered to the contrary. We will put 
in extra finger-bar clips on all harvester finger-bai s to keep the 
bars in place in guards. It has now been definitely decided to build 
the Junior machines as both right and left-hand cut. We shall 
probably have few No. 11 E. and H. for 1888, but will put our ef- 
forts on the Junior right and left-hand cut. The left-hand cut 
Junior will be precisely the same as the right-hand cut except the 
cutter-bar will be on the left-hand side. We believe this machine 
will be a great seller, for the reason it is light and a little more at- 
tractive. You need not be afraid we cannot furnish them, as our 
factory will put their efforts largely on Junior right and left-hand 
cut. 

We hope that prospects are now good for contracting, and 
that you will push the matter from now out. 
Yery truly yours, 

D. M. OSBORNE & CO. 

No. 50. 
Mr. Edward P. Fassett, 

Schenectady, N. Y. 
Dear Sir: 

We take pleasure in quoting you oils, and trust you wil 
carefully examine our prices and favor us with your orders. 

We warrant every barrel of oil we send out to give the best 
of satisfaction, and endeavor to please our customers with the 
goods that are satisfactory, and we hope you will, when in need, 
direct your orders to the Monarch. 

We inclose you circular of our Mecca Castor Oil. This oil 
we know to be the best oil made for any kind of machinery. It 
has been tested and tried on some of the finest (72) engines in the 
country, as well as Reapers, Mowers, and Threshing Machines. 
We have orders from a great many customers who have sold it for 
three years, and all say there is nothing better. We will deliver it 
to you at 40 cents if you can sell it. 

We will send you a thousand circulars to advertise it in your 
name, to be distributed among the farmers. If you can't sell it 
we will take it back or exchange it for other oils. 

72. Finest. We have here given Pitman's form for practice 
in reading. In reporting, however, it is difficult to keep the half- 
length S from slanting; hence, most reporters use F-Nst for finest. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 57 



Our Water White Magnolia is another of our fine oils we 
advertise for our customers. If you use oils and do not sell them, 
give us one trial order for your own use. 

Yours respectfully, 

MONARCH OIL CO., 

J. S. Tobit, Manager. 

No. 51. 



Greenville, Ohio, May 10, 1885. 
Monarch Oil Co. 

Gentlemen: Send us another barrel of your Mecca Castor Oil 
withmore circulars. It is the best oil we ever sold. Do not sell to 
any one else in Greenville. Yours respectfully, 

J. C. WEAVER & BRO. 



No. 52. 
Mr. J. D. Smails, 

Denver, Col. 
Dear Sir: 

Your favor of the 3rd, with inciosures, duly at hand ; accept 
our thanks. We return you receipt. 

The charges you make are all correct, and we are much 
obliged to you for the attention in repairing our magazine, and the 
economy with which it has been done. Concerning our powder 
remaining in the magazine of the Giant Co., thereby saving us the 
expense of transfer, we leave the matter to you, to be treated as 
most convenient. 

We note what you say of your car not having been sent via 
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe (generally spoken and written by 
R. R. men as follows: A. T. & S. F.), as per your definite instruc- 
tions. We can offer no excuse; it was an error of one of our em- 
ployes in entering the order, and we hold ourselves responsible for 
any loss or injury such change of route may cause you. We dis- 
like much even to try to apologize for such an error; it is simply 
inexcusable, and we have nothing to offer in reparation of it, and 
can only say that we will try to see that such a one does not occur 
again. Yours respectfully, 

M. E. HERMANN, 

Agent American Powder Mills 



58 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 53. 
Riverside Glass Company. 

Gentlemen: We have your telegram of this date stating that 
the next car will leave your works on Saturday next. We have 
telegraphed you this clay to ship in same — 
200 doz. No. 146 Flat Hand Lamps, 
50 " " 146 A Footed Hand Lamps, 
50 " " 146 B " " " 

30 bbls. 455 Goblets, 
which we hope you have ready and will be able to send in same 
car. (73) 

The No. 267 Bowls and Nappies you refer to in yours of the 
27th, we will no doubt be able to take a little later on. Please 
make the lowest price you can upon these in "Cut," and we will 
try to dispose of some for you in that shape. Send us, say — 
1 doz. 267 Bowls Cut, . 
12 " " Nappies Cut. 

We hope you will send us all the No. 236 Pitchers and a 
goodly portion of No. 275 Goblets in this car. You, no doubt, 
know that should you have goods for us in excess of car-load 
ready, that if you will ship same at the same time with the car you 
get car-load rates of freight. Yours truly, 

MISSOURI GLASS CO. 

No. 54. 
W. C. Koonce, Esq., 

Columbia, Ala. 
Dear Sir: 

We are to-day in receipt of your letter of July 7th, written 
to the Bellaire Stamping Company, in reference to our "Disk- 
Immerser" Fruit Jars, which you saw advertised in the "Balti- 
more Manufacturers' Record." You can obtain them of Ramsay, 
Baker & Co., of Baltimore, or the parties mentioned (76) in ad- 
vertisement in Pittsburg, or in Philadelphia, or we will be pleased 
to ship them to you from this point at the prices on inclosed 
sheet. 

If you want them, please fill out your order and they will be 
shipped immediately on its receipt. We make you a special price 
on our "Opal French Jelly," which is the greatest seller we have 
put on the market in years, at 35 cents, at which we offer it to you 
in quantities, which is cheaper than the inferior glass-top patent, 
now in the market, and a much better price can be realized on it, 
as consumers recognize its merits on sight. 

Very truly, 

MISSOURI GLASS CO. 

73. In same car. 196. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 59 



No. 55. 
A. Zimmerer, Esq., 

Nebraska City, Neb. 
Dear Sir: 

We are to-day in receipt of your valued favor given to our 
Mr. Wilbur, which will be got in readiness and shipped promptly 
on the 10th of July, as per your instructions. 

We note Mr. Wilbur writes regarding the (74) overstock 
you have of quart "Mason" Jars, and would say that if we can 
oblige you in the matter it will give us pleasure to send you i gal- 
lon (75) Jars in place of as many quarts as you may see fit to return 
to us, the usual proportion of advance being charged. The only 
request that we make, is, that you send the box you have packed 
with those jars and allow us to ship you the jars complete from 
here. We desire to give you our patent "Disk-Immerser" top, as 
we want you to try it so as to convince you of the many merits it 
possesses over any other top ever offered to the public. It is worth 
from one to two dollars per gross more than the old style Mason 
Jars, and costs considerable more to make it. If you decide to 
make this transfer we can ship the jars with these goods we are 
now getting out for you. Very truly, 

MISSOURI GLASS CO. 

No. 56. 
Messrs. J. & G. Meakin, 

Hanley, England. 
Dear Sirs: 

We inclose you herewith London Sight Sterling Exchange 
for four hundred and fifty-six pounds, six shillings, one pence 
(£456 6s. Id.), being payment to return this company's acceptance 
with you of May 21st last. We also inclose you acceptances of 
dates, Oct. 7th and 22d, for three hundred and eight pounds, sixteen 
shillings, seven pence (£308 16s. 7d.), and four hundred and forty- 
six pounds, eighteen shillings, three pence (£446 18s. 3d.) respec- 
tively, which please pass to the credit of this company. 

We have your letters of Oct. 7th, and two of Oct. 19th. It 
is noted that you say that you will ship the balauce of the third 
assortment, sent you on March 23d, by the middle of November, 
and take it that you intend same to apply also to the assorted 
crates, and hope at same time you will complete (76) all the Thirds 
ordered also. 



74. Regarding the. 233. 

75. Gallon. If frequently written, Glen 3 may be used for 
gallon, and then "one-half gallon" can be phrased. See 222. 

76. You will complete. Con, at the beginning of a word, 
is often expressed by proximity; that is, by placing the part follow- 
ing Con close to the word that precedes Con. See 193, 



60 KEY <TO SHORTHAND. 



We are pleased to « see that you have control (77) of the 
Charles Meakin Works, which we hope will enable you in future to 
keep your record clean, so far as prompt shipments go, for cer- 
tainly you have been very dilatory of late in this important require- 
ment. 

We note your instructions in reference to orders placed with 
Chas. Meakin, also as to his sons, which shall have the attention 
you request. There are a few shipments now long past due from 
him, which, no doubt, as intimated by you, you are giving due at- 
tention to ; and, in this connection, say, that it is of no importance 
to us whether these goods bear the stamp of yourselves or him, so 
do not allow that to be a cause for delaying the shipments due us 
from him any longer. Perhaps, in this connection, it may be best 
for us to send you a list of such goods as may be due this company 
from Chas. Meakin, so as to avoid confusion and keep things 
straight. 

Until otherwise requested, please ship all goods via Newport 
News through from Liverpool to East St. Louis at 40 cents per 
cwt. ; and as we understand, the sailiugs that way are frequent, 
we think you will agree with us that it will be best for you to send 
smaller shipments; i.e., e never you have 25 or more crates 
ready for this company, and have steamers ready to come that 
way, please ship them. 

We carefully requested you to give us your' measurements 
and weights with each shipment, which you have overlooked in the 
former particular. We desire this done in all shipments for the 
purpose of detecting, what seems to be to us at times, undue dis- 
crepancies in these important items, if left entirely with others. 
Please give this your attention in future, and oblige, 

Yours truly, 

MISSOURI GLASS CO. 
No. 57. 
Mr. T. K. Graham, 

New York, N. Y. 
Bear Sir: 

Your kind favor of the 27th is received. We will ship you 
the three cars of 1st and 2d walnut at once, as per your shipping 
directions, price to be $80.00 per thousand f. o. b. cars St. Louis. 

In regard to the 2-inch, 24-inch and 3-inch ash, we have not 
quite enough to fill your order on hand. We have, however, two 
barges en route which we expect will arrive at the end of the week, 
when we will forward your six cars. Hoping that this will be satis- 
factory, we remain, 

Yours very truly, 

SMITH, JAMESON & LITTLE. 

77. Control. The Con dot may be omitted whenever the 
remaining outline is sufficient to distinguish the word. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 61 

« 

No. 58. 

R. H. Shropshire, Esq., 

Springfield, 111. 
Dear Sir: 

Whenever yon find complaint that the spokes in a Junior 
drive wheel of '87 manufacture have loosened, we want you to ad- 
vise us and we will send three bolts, 2J x •£$ and six bolts 14 x -fe 
to go through hub at the butt of the spokes. 

These additional bolts are to be drawn up tightly as well as 
those already in the wheel, and we believe it will avoid any trouble 
in the future. These bolts will be sent free of charge, and we hope 
whenever cases of loose spokes come to your notice you will at 
once advise us. 

Yours truly, 

D. M. OSBORNE & CO. 

No. 59. 

Messrs. Warreven & Pine, 

New York City. 
Gentlemen: 

Having completed the business intrusted to me as Assignee 
for the benefit of your creditors, I beg to notify you that I am now 
ready to render my accounts, and to deliver into your hands the 
trust imposed (78) upon me. 

Inclosed I hand you a full and correct statement of the 
transactions, and vouchers for each, which you will please accept, 
and if satisfactory, take such proceedings (79) as will relieve me 
from all further responsibility. You will perceive from this state- 
ment that the balance in your favor over all indebtedness is 
$2,705.33, which amount, if correct, I shall be pleased at any time 
to place in your hands. Allow me to congratulate you upon so fa- 
vorable an ending of the matter, and to present my best wishes for 
your future prosperity. 

Awaiting your answer, I remain, 

Yours respectfully, 

THOMAS HADDOCK. 



78. Imposed. Emp with the st loop may be used in this 
word. 

79. Proceedings. See 201. Sometimes the ings circle is 
joined to the stroke. 



62 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



No. 60. 



Office of the Hermann Consolidated Silver Mining Co. 
St. Louis, Mo., Dec. 7, 1886. 

Messrs. Dunning, Edsall, Hart & Elower, 

67 Wall Street, New York. 
Gentlemen: 

In the case of the States Savings Ass. vs. (80) Eisk, after a 
'great deal of trouble, we managed to get the testimony completed, 
and the Commissioner will send the depositions on Monday next. 
The principal cause of delay was from the fact that counsel for 
defendants (81) here is so extremely technical, and would not con- 
sent (82) to our using copies of papers until the originals were ac- 
counted for, and the witness by whom we had to prove that fact 
did not reside in the city, and came here very seldom. 

We think the testimony is sufficient to win the case. We 
would call your attention briefly (83) to the point involved. De- 
fendant is a subscriber to 624 shares of stock, on which there has 
been paid only $5 per share, leaving $95 due. Defendant claims 
that the stock was paid by a contract which Gov. Eletcher obtained 
from the Cape Girardeau & State Line R. R. You will see, how- 
ever, by the exhibits filed, that the Eletcher contract can constitute 
no payment of the stock. The very obligation which Fletcher un- 
dertook was to organize a company which was to have a paid-up 
capital of $2,000,000. All this arrangement, however, which 
Eletcher and his associates claimed, i.e., that Eletcher was to have 
$100,000 of paid up stock issued to him, was in violation of the 
contract he had made, for it left the new company with only nine- 
teen-twentieths of stock to be paid for. Eletcher and his associ- 
ates had no more right to issue to themselves this one-twentieth 
of the entire capital stock, as fully paid up, without paying for the 
same, dollar for dollar, than they had a right to issue to themselves 
nineteen-twentieths of it. That question was decided in one of 
our nisi prius (84) courts, and the court sustained our view, hold- 
ing, moreover, that this attempt of Fletcher was against public 
policy. We think there is no serious difficulty on that head ; nor do 
we anticipate much difficulty on the question of limitations. Per- 
haps, the most serious question in the case is whether the defendant 

80. V. Dictated against, and so found in the shorthand 
notes ; but in the transcript it is written v. or vs. 

81. Counsel for defendants. 283. 

82. Consent. Con indicated by proximity. 

83. Briefly. We prefer Br-Fl because the joining is better; 
but yet many reporters use Bref-Lay. 

84. Nisi prius courts. The name of certain courts where 
causes are tried for the first time. 



BUSINESS LETTERS IN SHORTHAND. 63 



disposed of his stock before the company stopped doing business. 
We are satisfied that he did nothing of the sort. The proof cer- 
tainly shows that, on the books of the company, he w.as (85) a sub- 
scriber long after the company had ceased to have any practical 
existence. He will probably swear that he transferred the stock, 
as he has sworn in the answer. That defense must be met 
by two propositions: first, that, as against a creditor who has no 
notice, the transfer is void; second, By-law 15 provides, in sub- 
stance, that no stock shall be transferred except on the books of 
the company, nor at all until at least 10 per cent, has been paid in. 

If our position is correct, that no payment beyond $5.00 has 
been made on this stock, then the attempted transfer is clearly 
void. 

We will call your attention to the fact that the defendant 
claims to have transferred his stock in May, 1873. The note, which 
is the foundation of this action, was made the following September. 
Defendant's name was on the books as a stockholder. We have a 
right to argue that credit was given by plaintiff on the faith of 
defendant's being a stockholder, and that he cannot be permitted, 
as against plaintiff, to setup his unconscionable defense. 

We have a good many authorities on the various phases of 
this case. After you have examined the testimony and become fa- 
miliar with the points involved, we shall be glad to furnish you 
with such authorities as we may have on any point that you will 
indicate to us. 

Yours truly, 

S. HERMANN. 
No. 61. 
Wm. C. Adkins, Esq., 

Hot Springs, Ark. 
Dear Sir: 

Your proxy to Mr. Little by telegraph came on time. We 
held the meeting this afternoon and everything went through all 
right. I shall get certificate of incorporation by Monday or Tues- 
day. 

Please send (86) me as soon as you conveniently can state- 
ment of how much stock is contributed by each party in the Gar- 
land Co., also description of land belonging to that Company; also 
description of lands belonging to the Cobalt Co. In the latter 
company 140,000 shares is to be development stock, I understand, 
to be contributed as follows: you contributing 70,000 and Gates, 
Williams and Hopkins contributing 70,000. 

Mr. Hopkins instructed me to buy books for the Cobalt Co. 
of the same kind as you bought for the Garland, and they instruct- 

85. He was. Chetoid may be used for he in this phrase' 
See 2-12. 

86. Please sen^d. When copying this letter, phrase please 
send, using the large circle . 



64 KEY TO SHORTHAND. 



ed me to send my bill for fees and books and other items to you> 
which I will do after I have paid for the books. The Garland 
Charter has been recorded and is now ready for delivery to you. I 
shall hold it here, however, until I get the Charter for the Cobalt 
readv and send them both at the same time. 



Yours truly, 
No. 62. 



S. HERMANN. 



Dear Sir: 

Mr. Blank has handed me your letter to him and requested 
me to answer it. 

There have been unexpected delays in the litigation of Ray- 
mond, yourself et al. (87) against Adams & Flora. The delays are 
owing, in part, to the fact that the lawyers on the other side are 
fighting at every step on technical points, trying to stave off the 
trial on the merits. This they have a good opportunity to do in 
this case, for the reason that the questions involved are rather dif- 
ficult questions of law, and still more so on account of the unex- 
pected occurrences in the case. The plaintiff, Mr. Raymond, died; 
one of the defendants, Col. Rainey, died some little time after; and, 
last of all, Judge Thayer, before whom the case was pending, was 
appointed Judge of the United States Court and the case had to be 
taken up by a new Judge who knew nothing of what had gone be- 
fore. But for these facts the case would have been tried a long 
time ago. After a great deal of pushing I succeeded in submitting 
an argument on the demurrer last week. That demurrer is now 
under advisement. I confidently expect a decision on the demurrer in 
our (88) favor: and, if decided in our favor, the case will come up 
for trial this fall. I have not the slightest doubt about the ulti- 
mate success of the case, whatever may be the view of the present 
Judge. Should he decide against us on the merits, I would advise 
an appeal to the Supreme Court at once. 

Owing to the deaths of the parties mentioned it became nec- 
essary to have administrators appointed, which incurred additional 
expense. Mr. Raymond's executor contributed his share and the 
local creditors contributed theirs. I think your share is about 
$25.00, and I will be glad if you will remit me that amount. 
Before the case is tried your deposition will have to be taken to 
prove the arrangement by which you transferred your claim to Mr. 
Raymond in this suit. That will be the only point I shall have to 
prove by you. Please let me know from time to time (89) where 
you are so that your deposition can be taken. 

Respectfully, 

S. HERMANN. 

87. Et al. Abbreviation of et alii, meaning "and others." 

88. In our. 244 

89. From time to time. 281. Te 1 is sometimes used as a 
word-sign for time. 



